If you experience pain when urinating, it could be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Urinary tract infections affect the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. However, the most common infections occur in the bladder and urethra, collectively referred to as the lower urinary tract.
Urinary tract infections are reportedly more common in women than in men because women’s urethras are shorter, making it easier for germs to enter the bladder.
What causes a urinary tract infection?
Urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria, often when bacteria from the intestine enter the urinary tract through the urethra.
According to NHS Inform, Scotland’s national health information service, the most common causes are inadequate wiping after using the toilet, sexual activity or certain medical conditions. Factors such as a blocked urinary tract (for example, kidney stones), difficulty emptying the bladder completely, the use of contraceptive diaphragms or spermicide-coated condoms, diabetes, a weakened immune system (from chemotherapy or HIV) and urinary catheters can all increase the risk of developing a UTI. Men with an enlarged prostate and women (due to a shorter urethra near the anus) are at higher risk.
How to prevent urinary tract infections
According to the NHS, here are some essential tips to help prevent UTIs:
- Use the bathroom as soon as you feel the need to urinate.
- Always empty your bladder completely. Stay well hydrated.
- Clean your hands from front to back after using the bathroom.
- Urinate as soon as possible after sexual activity.
- Opt for showers instead of baths.
- Wear cotton underwear instead of synthetic materials such as nylon.
- Avoid wearing jeans and tight pants.
By following these simple tips, you can reduce your risk of developing a UTI and maintain better urinary health.
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